Falls and personal alarms
Falls become more likely with age, and one fall can knock someone's confidence badly. The good news is there's a lot you can do to prevent them, and to make sure help comes quickly if one happens.
Reducing the risk
- stay active, with activities that improve strength and balance at least twice a week
- wear shoes or slippers that fit well, don't slip off and have a good grip
- use a non-slip mat in the bath or shower, and think about grab rails and stair rails
- clear clutter, loose wires and rugs that could cause trips
- eat well, drink enough, and look after bone health with calcium and vitamin D
- have regular eye tests and hearing checks, as ear problems can affect balance
- ask a GP or pharmacist if medicines might be affecting balance
- ask for help with tasks like lifting or reaching
Good lighting helps too. See making a home dementia-friendly for ideas that work for anyone.
Help from the NHS and the council
See the GP after a fall, or if you're worried about balance. They may refer to a falls service, which can check for problems such as muscle weakness, weak bones or eyesight, offer strength and balance training, check the home is safe and review medicines. In some areas you can refer yourself; ask the GP surgery.
A free care needs assessment from the council can look at changes to make the home safer.
If someone falls
Call 999 if they may have hurt their head, back, neck or hip, or can't get up. Keep them warm and comfortable, and don't try to lift them yourself. Contact NHS 111 if they may be hurt or unwell.
If they feel able to get up, they should take their time: roll onto their side, get onto hands and knees, crawl to something sturdy, then stand slowly and sit down to rest.
Personal alarms
A personal alarm lets someone get help if they fall or have a problem. It can be worn on the wrist or round the neck, or be a button or pull cord in the home. Types include:
- basic alarms that make a loud noise
- alarms that send an alert to a family member's phone
- monitored alarms, connected to a 24-hour service
- fall detectors, built in or separate
- GPS alarms, so family know where someone is when they're out
Monitored alarms and sensors (telecare) usually have an installation cost and a monthly charge. Some councils provide basic systems, so ask adult social services.
A key safe lets family, carers and the emergency services get in if someone can't get to the door.